Immersed for weeks in a deep pessimism, investors had played the crisis Friday and Monday. However, the ability of European leaders to respond definitively to the debt crisis is still struggling to convince.A phenomenon that confirm the disagreements between countries in the euro area on the measures to adopt, and just wiping out the gains Monday. If the preparatory meeting of finance ministers of 27 (Ecofin) has been canceled, the leaders of the euro area, however, continue to negotiate before the meeting tomorrow Wednesday of Heads of State and Government (first of 27 and 17 of the the euro area).

At the heart of the discussions: the recapitalization of banks, the amount of the discount of the Greek debt, and strengthening the European bailout fund (EFSF). According to one diplomatic source, the representatives of the banks would like to limit the discount to 40% volunteered to stabilize the Greek debt, against 50 to 60% required by the euro area.Moreover, concerns about the Italian situation is escalated, while Silvio Berlusconi may have trouble getting the promised reforms the last weekend to reduce the debt of his country. The Prime Minister pledged to push trans to 67 years of age retirement.

Diving morale of U.S. households

In this context, mixed economic data revealed the Atlantic have increased pessimism. Stabilization of U.S. house prices in August, according to the Case Shiller index, and the unexpected plunge in the morale of U.S. households in October, have reinforced doubts about the health of the world's largest economy.

By sector, banks are logically the most attacked, BNP Paribas, lost 3.75% to 30.80, Societe Generale fell back to 3.80%, to 19 euros. Axa was down 1.76% to 10.90 euros.François Fillon, French Prime Minister confirmed that the banks of the Hexagon should recapitalize to the tune of "ten billion euros."

In contrast, cyclical stocks including oil services, were well oriented, supported by oil prices that reached a high for about three months. Maurel & Prom has awarded 2.86% to 14.90 euros and CGG Veritas was up 1.21% to 16.73 euros.

Also against the current, and two days before unveiling its sales for the third quarter, the title of Plastic Omnium has continued to rise (3.35%, to 20.76 euros) having already jumped more than 10% two sessions. Finally, on the eve of the announcement of its quarterly revenue, PPR has taken the lead in the CAC 40 with a gain of 3.84% to 111 euros.

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First, European banks will have to be prepared to give up a larger share than expected of their claims on Greece. They will erase "probably more than 21%" expected, it was said Thursday the Department of Economics in Paris. Where we quick to point out that "it is no secret." "We are working on this issue" with Europe, they added. In Brussels, the figure of a discount of up to 50% is quoted."What we do not want is a credit event because it's an adventure," insists on the Ministry of Finance, where it is estimated, however, a "selective default" of the Greece "can be managed."

Once this fault act, he will then create a "confidence shock" at European level. Bercy is estimated that the French banks "are solid and have no problem of liquidity or solvency." However, "France is not deaf to the demands of the market for bank recapitalization." In other words, if the confidence shock has to go through the recapitalization, the Hexagon did not persist to refute.

Prohibit dividends

In the scenario that is emerging, which should be clarified at the EU summit of 23 October-, financial institutions would seek money on their own, in the markets.And the United States would open the "Windows" public that those who wanted to could come and borrow money guaranteed unsecured personal loan. "I'm not sure that French banks rush in!" Says a government source, thereby capturing the mood of the French bankers. The German bankers have also expressed their displeasure with Thursday to leaving the project "thinking that European banks are aware of alleged weaknesses." European level is mainly intended "to institutions that have failed the stress tests published in early summer, to those who have succeeded narrowly and perhaps a few regional banks," said Paris.

Nevertheless, the imperative that all will meet the objective of equity of 9% hard no later than mid-2012 that the EBA is about to impose.A figure Bercy "appropriate."

Will finally ensure that institutions do not go further curb the financing of the economy to meet this requirement. "To ensure that banks continue to finance the economy well, we can do things. It has, for example, how to play on their dividends, "said the entourage of the Minister of Economy, Baroin. In fact, the supervisory authority has the right to ban certain payments (dividends and bonuses, for example) as the level of fixed capital that is not achieved."If banks were not distributed as dividends in the last three years and focused on strengthening their capital, there might not be as urgent today," said a finance specialist.

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With the exception of SUD-RATP, which filed a notice of indefinite strike on July 31, no organization has called to stop work in transportation. However, the CGT federation filed a notice to the RATP and SNCF, and SUD-Rail, to allow agents who wish to go forward.

Here are the latest traffic forecasts:

• At the SNCF

On the night of Monday to Tuesday, all night trains Lunea are deleted.The traffic on Artesia (France-Italy relationship) and between France and Germany will be normal.

Tuesday, more than 4 of 5 TGV will travel to or from the arrival of Paris, except for the TGV Atlantique trains close to 3 out of 5, and more than one train an average of 2 on the TGV province-province.

For Transilien, traffic at peak hours will average close to 4 out of 10 trains, and for TER, the traffic will be close to 2 of 3 services at the national level. Locally, the traffic will go from 4 to 10 trains on a near-normal traffic by region.

The station also provides an average of 2 to train Intercity day (including Teoz).

No Lunea (domestic traffic at night) will flow, however the nights of Monday to Tuesday and Tuesday to Wednesday. On international routes to night, no disturbance is expected to Germany and Italy.Traffic will also be normal day on the Eurostar (England) and Thalys (Belgium, Germany) and virtually normal on Lyria (Switzerland).

Other lines of Paris-Nord-Est and Paris will have a service close to two out of three trains, and those of Paris-Saint Lazare, Paris-Montparnasse and Paris-Lyon train in two.

• In the RER, RATP zone

RATP provides 3 of 4 trains on the line A and line B, a train of 2 during peak hours and a train of four off-peak hours. The interconnection will be suspended from Gare du Nord, but maintained at Nanterre Préfecture.

For portions of RER managed by the SNCF, the traffic will be normal to the line A (Nanterre Préfecture Cergy and Poissy) and Line E. There will be a train of two outstanding lines of the RER B and C, without interconnection to Paris Nord.On the line D, it will take two trains an average of 3 indicates the station, with interconnection between Paris-Lyon and Paris Nord,

• In the metro and bus in Paris

For the metro, the RATP provides a normal or near normal traffic on all lines except lines 5, 7, 7a and 9, where it will take between a train and two trains of 2 to 3.

Traffic will be near normal for buses, as well as on lines 2 and 3 of the tramway. For Q1, there will be a ream of 2.

• By Province

The strike notice was deposited in 39 urban transit systems, including Lille, Marseille, Lyon, Bordeaux, Toulouse and Strasbourg.Such notice having been filed in most cases by only one union, the traffic should be only slightly affected.

The notice concerning the networks of the following cities: Amiens, Angers, Angouleme, Belfort, Besançon, Bordeaux, Bourges, Caen, Cannes, Chambéry, Dijon, Douai, Lille, Limoges, Lorient (strike 55 minutes), Lyon, Le Mans, Marseille (strike 3:30), Maubeuge, Metz, Montlucon, Montpellier, Moulins, Mulhouse, Nantes, Nice (strike from 9 to 12), Nimes (strike 9:30 to 10:30), Pau, Poitiers, Reims, Rennes, La Rochelle, Rouen, Royan, Saint-Nazaire (strike from 10:30 to 14h), Strasbourg, Toulouse, Tours, Vichy.

• To monitor traffic

Hotlines are available to travelers by SNCF: 0805.90.36.35 the Main Line, TER, Téoz and Intercity, and 0805.70.08.05 for Transilien.

For traffic forecasts, two websites are available: www.sncf.com and www.infolignes.com for all traffic forecasts.

For the RATP, is the number 0800.15.11.11.

The trick? These trucks are equipped with a support which can be integrated into a digital tablet iPad and speakers. A self-charging solar battery to allow the tablet to never fall behind. The user – must however bring their own iPad – can then install the Sky Go, which allows it to follow the programs offered by the Sky group's channels, in particular the five sports channels Sky Sports.Support for the tablet is attached to the front of the truck at the site usually reserved for child seats. And to avoid accidents of trucks, everything has been thought. They are equipped with a sensor that emits an audible warning when a client caught up in their screen gets too close to another truck.

"A practical and innovative gadget»

The creator of the Sky Go cart, Ian Burgess of the company Setwo Designs, said in a statement it had successfully met the "challenge" to "create a gadget that is both practical and innovative."This experiment, conducted in a single store Sainsbury's in West London, she is likely to be widespread throughout the UK? When asked about his intentions Lefigaro.fr, the distributor has been very discreet about the success of this test to its customers, as well as its intentions to deploy or not this concept to all its 934 outlets.

In France, the testing of Sainsbury's creates a limited interest in the supermarkets. Auchan, which has developed an application for the iPhone, then declined on the iPad, does not count for much install the tablet on his truck in the store. "We have no specific project for the iPad to date, but our research and development teams are closely monitoring these developments," says the distributor is instant credit reports.As for the Casino, he questioned the economic model of such an offer, which requires a significant investment to equip the truck. "This concept is interesting if it allows for example to integrate advertising," said Stéphane Bout, director of information systems group.

There is also the question of interest to consumers. The use of new technologies is not a guarantee of success. "An offer based applications for mobile phones or tablets should provide information and personalized services," says Stéphane Bout. "The goal is to meet customer expectations." To see, therefore, if the "gadget" proposed by Sainsbury's Rave.

The truck "smart" hard to take off

If the test is not processed in the UK, it could well be in China.The phone operator SK Telecom announced the launch this summer of a test in a supermarket chain Shanghai Lotus. In this store, the carts are equipped with a touch pad with which customers can synchronize their mobile phones. This time, it is not for customers to watch TV while walking on the shelves, but to receive "advice for shopping, information about products and promotions on the moment," said SK Telecom in a statement.

The adventure of the cart "intelligent" began long before the arrival of the iPad. As noted by the Telegraph, there are already in the United States carts that warn the customer when there removing the "junk food", these products considered harmful to health. In 2008, TNS Sofres conducting a study on the "Future Store".The survey found that less than 35% of consumers surveyed in France said they were interested in the concept of intelligent truck, against 70% in China, 60% in Spain and nearly 50% in the United States. The iPad, which Apple sold 9.25 million copies worldwide in the second quarter of 2011, may well make this concept more attractive.

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• Outstanding on high incomes. The project of the Government expects that this new 3% tax will apply to much of the income exceeding EUR 500,000 per year for a single person and € 1 million for a couple. But MPs want to lower these thresholds. And Valerie Pécresse reiterated today that it was open to discussion.The government would accept an entry threshold to 250,000 euros to 500,000 euros a person for a couple. The income taken into account when calculating the contribution is the income tax reference. Income that includes not only wages but also the interest, dividends, capital gains. Moreover, only taxpayers whose average income over three years will exceed the thresholds will be taxed at the new tax. This is to prevent a dealer who sells one years his business is taxed. The contribution will apply for the first time on the income of the year 2011 and will stop when the public deficit back below 3%, ie in 2013, in theory.

• Tax on soft drinks. This tax, applicable from 1 January, will involve drinks containing added sugars such as sodas, fruit juices with added sugar and flavored waters.Drinks "light" will be spared. The tax will be 1 cent per can of 33 cl

• Plane niches. The tax loopholes planed last year will be again 10%. A tax reduction of 22% will go to 20% for example, a 20% to 18% … etc. Among the niches that are most used planed, there are advantages or overseas tax credit for environmental equipment housing. This plane will be applicable for the taxation of income in 2012 for expenses paid from 1 January 2012. Like last year, niches related to employment, including the employment of an employee at home will be spared Business Card Holders.

• Niche Scellier and other devices for real estate. The Scellier reduces their income tax by investing in housing that is then leased under certain conditions.The tax reduction Scellier suffer, in addition to the plane, a turn of the screw. It will fall to 14% of the investment as of 1 January 2012, against 22% this year. It will be for housing low power consumption and housing accompanied by a renewed energy label demanding. The benefit granted to individuals who invest in a tourist residence for elderly and disabled and for students from 18% to 12% in 2012.

• Tax on rooms good. This new tax will only apply to homes under 13 square meters. It will apply where the rent per square foot exceed a certain threshold (40 euros per square meter in Paris). Its rates range from 10% to 40%.

• Eco-interest loan.The zero-interest loans dedicated to work improving the ecological quality of housing will be combined with the tax credit for the same type of work for taxpayers whose income tax reference does not exceed 30,000 euros per year. The tax credit will also be revamped.

• Tax credit for elderly and disabled. The tax credit of 25% on expenses related to improving habitat for elderly and disabled is extended until 2014.

• Carbon Tax new version for manufacturers. Undertakings subject to CO2 quotas in 2012 will pay a fee between 0.08% and 0.12% of their turnover. Will be exempt small emitters (quotas for less than 60,000 tonnes of CO2 per year). Electricians (mainly EDF) alone will pay one third of this tax.

• Other measures for businesses.Telecom operators will finance up to 2 million expenditure to avoid the jamming of TV DTT frequencies mobile fourth generation. The reduction of one third of the benefits enjoyed by overseas companies is removed.

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"Uncertainty" was in this context, the key word of the monthly press conference of ECB President Jean-Claude Trichet: "There is a huge level of uncertainty in the world." The risk is now the forecasts rather than the ECB may be too optimistic, he implied. And, because of the negative effects of the crisis in financial markets observed this summer and the debt crisis in the euro zone in particular.

After a good start to the year, growth "will be very moderate later this year," warned the president of the ECB. Consumption may be lacking. "Unlike recent months, the ECB no longer considered as the confidence of consumers and entrepreneurs will support domestic demand," says Ken Wattret, chief euro zone economist at BNP Paribas. In the early morning, the Bank of France has published growth prospects for the Hexagon journals also down for the third quarter (0.1% versus 0.2% previously).

For inflation, the ECB has not touched its projections. It still expects 2.6% price increase in 2011 and 1.7% in 2012. As the guarantor of price stability in the euro zone estimated a few months ago that inflation was under pressure, it recognized that today the risks were "balanced."A code word meaning that it did not expect an acceleration in prices in coming months. It therefore left unchanged its interest rates, it increases instruments when it believes that inflation is accelerating payday loans lenders.

Despite the alarmist tone about the economic environment, "we do not think that the ECB will lower interest rates anytime soon," said Cedric Thellier, economist at Natixis. "We expect a rather long status quo accompanying amorphous growth and low inflation."

The rush of blood against the United States of Trichet

Questioned by a reporter relaying German criticism against the alleged lack of independence of the ECB under the European Treaties, Jean-Claude Trichet has lost some of his cool. "We're doing our job, which is not easy," he said."Our mission is to ensure price stability, what we have done so impeccable. I'd love to hear praise for the work today! "He exclaimed.

Some German observers, very attached to monetary orthodoxy, condemned the purchase of bonds by the ECB. "If we had to implement this program, because states have not acted properly. He did not exercise sufficient oversight they should have. Remember, in 2004 and 2005, some governments-France, Germany and Italy, not to name-calling for the relaxation of their obligations "deficit, he accused. "We have always asked the contrary full compliance criteria deficit.But we have not preached in the desert. "

In this context, Jean-Claude Trichet reiterated, on behalf of the ECB, the extreme urgency for the States to implement measures to restore the balance of public finances. "Governments must be prepared to cut spending if targets are not met," he said. He also called for the deregulation of regulated professions.

In July, Crédit Agricole said that the participation of the bank in terms of aid to Greece and the operations of its subsidiary Emporiki, the country would have an impact of up to 850 million euros on its performance in the second quarter. Finally, the load is lighter than expected: Greece does not cost "only" 640 million euros on quarterly Credit Agricole. A load that is distributed as follows: 202 million euros (146 million after tax) for impairment of securities of the Greek states and 494 million for the goodwill of the Emporiki Bank (2006).However, the debt problem gecque led the market value of Crédit Agricole in a dramatic decline: its stock has lost nearly 35% of its value since the beginning of the year.

These results confirm the long-term goals

As for results, the bank has indeed announced Thursday a net profit after minority interests fell by 10.6% to 339 milion euros in the second quarter versus the same period in 2010. But this is higher than expected by analysts who had forecast a quarterly profit of 193 million euros. BNP Paribas and Societe Generale were published at the beginning of the respective benefits of 2.12 billion euros and 747 million.

According to the CEO of Crédit Agricole Jean-Paul Chifflet, these results confirm a positive underlying trend at the operational level of the bank, in the 2014 strategic plan, presented last March. The group aims to achieve a return on equity of 10% to 12% by 2014. The bank would also surpass the 25 billion euros in net banking that date.

In the medium term, Crédit Agricole has no plans to increase the capital despite the market turmoil in July and August, denied the report, published Wednesday in the Letter of expansion of 1.5 billion euros, dedicated the recapitalization of its subsidiaries in Southern Europe. However, the group recognized that its goal of returning to profit for Emporiki Bank in 2012 would be compromised.

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The Chinese government estimates that S & P has only confirmed a "horrible truth". One that was highlighted by the rating agency Dagong China, which has degraded the U.S. triple-A immediately after the agreement to raise the debt ceiling.She said "the days of Uncle Sam, crippled with debt, could easily squander endless amounts of borrowing from abroad seem numbered. (…) In order to treat his addiction to debt, the U.S. must restore the principle of common sense that we must live within its means. " For Dagong, the note of the United States increased from A + to A with, again, a negative outlook. According to the official Xinhua news agency, the adoption by Congress of a text to avoid a default of the United States failed to defuse "the bomb of debt." This failure to control U.S. borrowing could affect the "well-being of hundreds of millions of families in the United States and abroad," she lamented a few days ago.

In other countries, tempers

In France, Baroin, Minister of Economy, trying to reassure.First European official to respond to the thunder of the deterioration in the sovereign rating of the debt of the United States, he ensured that France "has full confidence in the strength of the U.S. economy and its fundamentals, and in the U.S. government's determination to implement the plan that was approved by Congress this week. "

In the UK, the British Trade Vince Cable held Saturday "completely predictable" degradation of the United States. "This is a completely predictable consequence of the mess created by Congress (…) but they (MPs) have now heard, and the situation of the United States is strong enough," he said.

Japan, the second creditor of the United States, said that its policy of buying U.S. bonds remained unchanged despite lowering their score."Our confidence in U.S. Treasuries and their attractiveness as an investment will not change because of this action," said a Japanese government official told Dow Jones Newswires. Japan, which is trying by all means to curb a flight of its currency against the greenback, has no interest in selling its dollar assets for now since it would only strengthen the yen.

In South Korea, senior officials of the Ministry of Finance held an emergency meeting Saturday to analyze the consequences of the downgrade. But the government has warned against overreaction. "We need not be too worried about our economy and financial markets," said Deputy Finance Minister Yim Jong-yong. An Australian Prime Minister Julia Gillard has also called for calm markets."At the same time, the other two major agencies, Moody's and Fitch continue to note the U.S. economy AAA. So I think people need to consider all the facts, "she said. In the Philippines, a spokesman for the Presidency said that the downgrade by S & P was "to some extent a wakeup call for the U.S. begin to seriously address their economic problems. We have confidence in their ability to do so. "

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Sign, however, difficult to finalize a common position, the meeting of finance officials of the euro zone has been extended from Wednesday night to Thursday morning. In turn, the summit will begin with an hour late, at noon instead of 11 hours.

"No great advances"

The postponement will allow a little more time to French President Nicolas Sarkozy and German Chancellor Angela Merkel to resolve disputes between the two countries: they meet on Wednesday afternoon in Berlin.The two countries have different objectives. Angela Merkel has applied to shower expectations. There will be "no great progress," she said Tuesday. Before insuring, Wednesday midday, the German government will show good will. And she was "very confident" of finding a common position with France to achieve "good results" on Thursday.

Recognizing that markets will forgive a bad meeting for nothing, Paris wants instead a "durable solution" is found, insisted Wednesday the government spokesman Valerie Pécresse, after the Council of Ministers. It "passes through the Franco-German couple" she added, pointing out that the main resistance to the alternative of issuing bonds were European, according to the French Government, "a German resistance."

If Paris and Berlin hold the key to an agreement between European leaders, they always seem to oppose it on ways to involve banks in terms of aid to Greece. If the amount of effort required to banks of 30 billion euros, a consensus, the methodology to be divided. Paris wants, as the European Central Bank, avoid at all costs that Greece is found in default. Germany intends to take less care. She suggested including the development does not place a tax credit, which the industry sees an evil eye.

"Agreement on the fundamentals"

The French Minister of Economy, Baroin, wanted reassurance."There is a broad convergence of views, there is an agreement on the fundamentals, there is a desire to make more sustainable debt Greek and there is still some discussion on the part of private, but it's more a discussion of degrees and not a discussion of values, "he said.

While the Franco-German leaders will finalize their position, the Greek Prime Minister George Papandreou will be in Brussels to meet at 17 hours, the president of the European Commission Jose Manuel Barroso. The aim of the summit is crucial on Thursday, insisted on Wednesday the spokesman of the Greek government: "We have tomorrow (Thursday) a peak in determining the future of the country and Europe, Prime Minister (George Papandreou ) engages in a battle to ensure that Greece will stand on two feet. "

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Faced with the collapse of record sales, artists tend to want to catch up on their live performances. In recent years, the stamp of a headline average doubled from 100,000 to about 200,000 euros concert . Two years ago, the claims of artists such as rock bands Radiohead and the Arcade Fire could reach 500,000 euros a night delivery. A luxury that the Route du Rock, after more than 20 years of existence can not afford.Especially since the philosophy of the festival "has always been focused on the discovery of new talent," says its director.

A total of 340,000 euros per year are devoted to the artistic, or just over 19% of the annual budget of the event. Festival Rock en Seine in Paris (from 26 to 28 August 2011), this percentage reached 33% on a budget of 6 million, for a festival attendance of 105,000 in 2010.

Few artists have their own agents

To perform their scenes, organizers go through the special agents of the artists. But in most cases, they must go to production companies (the "turners") who sell the show, usually including travel, by winning 15% of the sale. Remains the responsibility of organizing the cost of hotel and catering.The financial balance of a music festival, big or small, is always delicate balance between inflation of stamps and need for headliners known to attract an audience often more sensitive, especially in times of crisis, to "safe bets".

Especially as competition from large foreign festivals like that of Open'er in Gdynia (Poland), heavily sponsored and line art more variable, contributes to the inflation of the claims of artists and the business side of an event. This year's Route du Rock will receive about 17,000 spectators to reach its equilibrium point. To get to lower costs artistic, the organizers can sometimes rely on the recognition of certain groups. This was the case last year, where the rock band The National has made a financial investment for their third participation in the Route du Rock, who has made known in France in 2005.But these returns elevators are rare, "artists tend to quickly forget their ideals of youth" deplores François Floret.

Artistic expenses under pressure

More confidence in the festival of the summer Vaour (Midi-Pyrenees), the artistic budget does not exceed 28%, 5% for the music (about 10,000 euros). Again, the trend in the price of contracts bought production companies are on the rise. No need to be an international star in setting its prices. "We can see, especially for groups that have no problems selling dates, says Sylvie De Sousa, in charge of music programming of the festival that drew in 2010, 18,000 people in nine days. Those who have more difficulty selling their shows make an effort. " The average cost to the organizers groups received between 800 and 1300 euros per service.And the festival should be more attention to his artistic expenses, some concerts are free.

Finally, the last festival that highlights specific financial issues, the uniqueness of the service provided. Artists to bring only one date is in fact a greater financial effort, where the organization of a tour allows you to spread fixed costs over several dates. A show to 1500 euros per day on tour will be up an average of 4000 euros for a single date.

Theater festivals are much more subsidized

In terms of theater festivals, the financial efforts of the programming is even greater. "Music festivals generate more ticket revenue for those plays, because they mobilize a public far more numerous. Which is also the case for ancillary revenues (bar, derivatives).In the end, the part flow from music festivals, especially the general public is much stronger, "said Jonathan Fox, the head of the theater program of the festival Vaour. In addition, the confidential nature of the discipline is also in this sense, although of lesser importance.

On the other hand, the troops come for several performances, which smooths the cost over several days. Ultimately benefits of a theater festival like the summer of Vaour range from 500 to 3000 euros, "the notoriety aspect of the company also playing its role," says Jonathan Fox. By comparison, a one-man show in Paris like the comedian François Rollin costs between 5,000 and 10,000 euros. These characteristics explain why the sector is generally far more subsidized. For example, 22% of the budget of the festival of the summer of Vaour comes from public subsidies.

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