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It is a trend reversal. With 73,259 enrolled in college, the number of pharmacists in activity fell from 73 people last year. The decline is certainly symbolic, but so far, enrollment proceeded.This change is due to arrive at retirement age (63 years on average) generations of baby-boomers, a numerus clausus remained low until 2004 (2250 persons), and "evaporation" of 20.1% of pharmacy students to other sectors (cosmetics, food …), which worries the Order.

The numerus clausus was gradually recovered to 3090 students per year since 2008 but, given the length of study at least six years-and-baby-boom is not over, the College expects a stabilization of the workforce over the next few years, then a "probable regression" around 2020.

116 pharmacy closures

In detail, in 2010, the number of pharmacists working in the drug industry, from wholesale distributors, hospitals and overseas still rising slightly.It is in pharmacies (pharmacy owners or employees) and biological laboratories that troops are less numerous.

The consequences however are far less worrisome than physicians, who are free to locate wherever they want. This is not the case of pharmacies, subject to a "law of demo-geographical distribution" since Vichy. Admittedly, 116 pharmacies (approximately 22,500) were closed last year, but "mostly in urban areas, where their density remains high." With an average of one pharmacy per 2800 inhabitants, and 43 pharmacies per 1000 square kilometers, "there is no desert or pharmaceuticals in rural areas, or in sensitive areas," says the College.An argument for pharmacists who, faced with the erosion of their margins on the sale of drugs, argue that they may be assigned new missions nearby health, could mitigate the problem of medical deserts.

The College-chaired by a woman, Isabelle is also Adenot-increasing feminization of the profession last year, exactly 66.67% of pharmacists were pharmacists. The proportion rises to 76% for hospital pharmacists and 82% among pharmacists assistants (employees). Finally, increased job insecurity is also reported, with a jump of 9% last year, the number of temporary staff pharmacists in pharmacies: they are now 3700.

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The CAC 40 dropped to below 4000 points on Monday. It is even more rowdy than last weekend. Halfway through, the Paris index digs its losses and was down 1.82% at 3918.07 points. This morning, Asian stock markets operated in the dark red, especially with the Nikkei falling more than 1.5% and the Shanghai index, which lost more than 2.4%. Friday night, Wall Street also ended in negative territory. Global markets are again worried by the European sovereign debt.

At the end of last week, two bad signals were launched: the degradation of three notches, to note the long-term debt of Greece by Fitch and placed under negative outlook from that of Italy by Standard and Poors.While in Spain, the protests continue for a week and local elections gave the losing party of José Luis Zapatero.

Elsewhere in Europe, still in the middle of the session, the Dax in Frankfurt dropped 1.89%, the FTSE in London, 1.78% and the Milan Mib fall of 2.99%.

A single digit to follow on Monday, the flash PMI for the month of May. The growth of activity in the private sector in France has slowed slightly in May to 60.5 against 62.4 in April, partly due to a slowdown in manufacturing, according to the survey Markit. The rest of the week looks very busy, however, including tomorrow's business survey in industry, employment figures Wednesday and the consumer confidence Friday. The Ifo index in Germany will be known Tuesday.American side, sales of new homes will be followed tomorrow, and the expenses and incomes of households, Michigan index, and promises of sales Friday.

In addition, while the battle over the estate of Dominique Strauss-Kahn to head the International Monetary Fund opens on Monday. And a G8 summit will be held Thursday and Friday next, to address among other issues on the major recommendations of the Internet, meeting tomorrow and Wednesday in Paris.

The euro hit by debt

Also concerned by the debts, the euro depreciates. The single currency fell heavily against the dollar Monday, falling below the $ 1.40 for the first time in over two months. About 11:00 am in Paris, the European single currency was worth 1.3982 dollars against 1.4155 dollars on Friday night.

No publication of French company is expected Monday.Veolia mechanically declined from 2.64% amid dividend payment of 1.21 euro.

For his part, Alcatel Lucent yields 2.75% and 2.74% Schneider. The bank is also struggling: Agricultural Credit folds of 2.63% after S & P lowered the ratings of the bank heavily exposed to Greece, Societe Generale, 1.70% and BNP Paribas 1.53% .

Carrefour is the only value of the CAC 40 in green and gleans 0.23% by mid-session. The group has hired investment bank Lazard to consider merging its Brazilian subsidiary Companhia Brasileira de Distribuicao with (Grupo Pao de Acucar, GPA), a local leader in distribution, could be read in the Journal du Dimanche.

On the SBF 120, there are three values ​​in the green outside Carrefour: Yellow Pages: + 0.27%, EDF EN, + 0.04%, and Biomerieux: + 1.05%.

Europacorp is 0.94%.The film Tree of Life, which received the Palme d'Or, was produced by William Pohlad, distributed by Fox Searchlight, and Summit Intenrational Europacorp.

Note also, side companies, only four years after his last investigation, the Court of Auditors notes in a report that the financial situation of the social institutions of electricity and gas has further deteriorated. EDF (-1.20% to 28.40 euros) is directly concerned.

Also monitor the values ​​in the aviation sector while another Icelandic volcano woke up this weekend. A cloud of ash could reach France on Thursday.Air France KLM fall of 3.79% after the first information that emerged from the black box flight from Rio to Paris créashé two years ago.

The Malaysian low cost airline AirAsia was ready to order more than 150 Airbus (EADS: -0.62% to 22.58 euros) A320 Neo (re-engined), with new engines more fuel efficient, for $ 13, 6 to 15,900,000,000 dollars, reported Monday the daily Les Echos. Furthermore, side EADS, Daimler hopes that the German state into its capital.

Renault (-1.91% to 38.72 euros): the state could benefit from replacing the number two automaker Patrick Pelata to advocate for reform at the head of the group according to Les Echos.The state would have more influence on the industrial choice and limit the power of Carlos Ghosn in particular through the recruitment of new blood.

If the court gives due Monday at the Association of Defence of Minority Shareholders (Adam), Hermes (-0.88% to 174 euros) could lose control of its general assembly on May 30 in favor of LVMH (-2 52% at 116.0 euros).

Michelin (-0.84% ​​to 62.40 euros) intends to market within three years for a tire which sets itself in the event of a puncture.

Carrefour had commissioned this week the bank Lazard to explore the possibility of a merger between its subsidiary and Brazilian Companhia Brasileira de Distribuicao (CBD, Pao de Acucar), the local leader. According to the Sunday newspaper, the group led by Lars Olofsson would consider this option due to "disappointment" crossed by the French giant in the country. "In late 2010, the French had provisioned EUR 550 million for inventory write-downs and potential disputes with Brazilian suppliers," says the weekly.

The operation would provide the entrance to the Diniz family, owner of CBD, in the capital of Carrefour. Patriarch Abilio Diniz, 74, is the 8th Brazilian capital with a portfolio of $ 3 billion. The sign CBD has 1500 stores and employs 140,000 employees.His goal of turnover is 30 billion this year.

This entry to the capital is far from won, writes the JDD, for "Casino holds about 35% of CBD at parity with the clan Diniz" and "would oppose the merger with Carrefour to maintain a crucial alliance with CBD instant payday loan lenders. For years the two French retail groups "waging a covert war in the tropics, with rifle purchase signs and opening of stores," the paper said. For the time nor Carrefour or Casino have to comment on information.

The Carrefour group looking for a new director for Carrefour in France, since the thank James McCann – Tesco defector, has also just received a negative response from Serge Papin.The president of U-System has successfully completed a double blow by seizing Coop Atlantic and Telemarket site – would nevertheless have been the ideal candidate.

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The global market for live television until May 28, one week critical. In New York, American studios unveil the series of vintage 2011. Buyers of French channels will now continue their negotiations in Los Angeles during the famous "Screening" that are on television what Cannes is to film. The battle to win the best series promises to be intense between channels for a vintage by both the extraordinary volume – production up 50% over 2010 – than the quality. All studios show ten rounds each.

Two major trends: the studios back to the series feuilletonists, that is to say that the episodes "does not close," leaving the viewer unsatisfied.Moreover, after the medical drama "tired and kind policeman who remains a safe bet, it is the comeback of comedy and especially of the supernatural. According to a market expert, "Hollywood continues to search for the successor of Lost." Like Warner offering Alcatraz series that depicts the disappearance in the 1960s, prisoners from the notorious prison that recur in 2011. Fiction is the second lighthouse Person of Interest, founded by Jonah Nolan, screenwriter of The Dark Knight. It features a former CIA agent paid by a billionaire to eradicate crime. The Fox studio is shaped with The Finder, a derivative of Bones, but Homeland, spy series written by the father of series 24, and Playboy Club, a sort of Mad Men, about the life of a night club in Chicago in the 1960s.But the big event will be Fox Terra Nova, directed by Steven Spielberg that tells the return at the age of dinosaurs in a scientific team to correct environmental problems. The pilot cost more than $ 20 million for a series whose cost is estimated at 200 million.

"A new stock"

For its part, Disney has "the largest inventory of new features." The succession of Desperate Housewives is assured with Good Christian Belles, written by the creator of Sex and the City. It will also count with The River, a supernatural series also produced by Steven Spielberg, written, directed and filmed with a handheld camera by the authors of paranormal activity, the movie event of 2010. Missing Finally, a feminine version of Luc Besson's Taken, is eagerly awaited.NBC, four major events are presented with SMASH, a sort of Glee adult, also produced by Steven Spielberg and devoted to Marilyn Monroe. Riding on the success of Inception, one of the most successful of Warner, NBC Awake propose that the universe is very close.

Finally, Sony has the remake of Charlie's Angels, called Charlie's Angels. The studio spent $ 10 million for the pilot. Finally, in the wake of his teacher Martin Scorsese, Robert De Niro starts with CBS in the series with Rookies. Enough to blow the auction.

Jean-Charles de Castelbajac is in advanced talks with investors to mount a round table to buy the brand that bears his name, in receivership since May 3

The company was declared insolvent after the decision of the Swedish partner to stop investing. Sixth Swedish National Pension Fund, holder of 99% of capital funds associated with the Atlas (1%), became owner of the mark a bit by chance. This financial and specializes in shipbuilding and electronic chips, held a minority stake in the English group Marchpole, which bought Castelbajac in 2004. Yet it went bankrupt in 2009 and was then solved Swedish head of the French fashion label founded in 1978.

His creator, Jean-Charles de Castelbajac, had placed the rights of its brands in the company in 2000.When sold, it had been paid in shares Marchpole. After the bankruptcy, he has lost both its capital and name. After investing more than 10 million euros in two years in the redeployment of the company, Sixth Swedish National Pension Fund has chosen to stop the charges earlier this year.

"Low cost luxury"

In 2009, Castelbajac has suffered an operating deficit of $ 2.4 million on a turnover of 4 million, although sales of shops had yielded a net benefit. The debt owed to the shareholder would be some 4 million euros. The production of future collections can no longer be funded. Ironically, the brand through these financial difficulties, so she knows a new youth.

"The reality is brutal but I say it's providence to return to my company, yesterday gave Jean-Charles de Castelbajac at Figaro.At 62, the artistic director of the brand consultant has more energy than ever and ideas to sell to raise. He talks with several investors, industrialists and financiers, French and Asian, to mount a round table to which it is associated, which would allow him to reclaim his name.

It builds on both the prestigious image of a line of ready-to-wear line and second line JCDC available, sold especially on the Internet, which has exploded in recent years young. Worn by Lady Gaga Katy Perry, the brand new creative breath. "It's low cost luxury," says the designer, who is not afraid of trading. My ambition would be to aim the target of Zara. "The production of these products available would be developed in partnership with manufacturers under license.

The French are less Eurosceptic than the Germans. According to a poll by TNS-Sofres for the political foundation and published on Monday, 67% of respondents wish that France retains the euro, against 30% who would prefer to return to the franc. For comparison, a survey conducted a few months ago in Germany gave half of citizens in Germany favor a return to the Deutsche Mark, the currency dropped during the transition to the euro in 2002. More broadly, the French are rather attached to the European Union (EU). Only 13% of respondents expressed willingness in effect to leave. Results "surprising" to Secretary of State for Europe Laurent Wauquiez: "The French are more pro-European than we think," he responded on France Inter.

The French only lip though not the European Union on all fronts.Their trial against him is even more mixed: 30% of respondents, hope is the first feeling evoked by the EU for them. But for 29%, the disappointment! For some aspects, the EU is their protective: for three quarters of respondents, it ensures peace, and for more than half, it makes France more strong against the U.S. and China. But in parallel, 60% of French believe that the term unemployment "corresponds to the EU, and for more than half, it accentuates the problem of immigration.

While the conditions of the plan of aid to Greece should be discussed again, the French are also mostly favorable for financial support to countries in difficulty, "even if this represents a cost to France." Only 39% believe that France did not pay for others.Overall, respondents call for a Europe of solidarity, more involved in the fight for employment, purchasing power and welfare. "The French are not skeptics, they just want Europe to change," concludes Laurent Wauquiez Monday.

* This survey was conducted for the Foundation for Political Innovation (Fondapol) from April 15 to 21 among a nationally representative sample of 1500 people aged 18 and over (quota method).

Revolution at the Fed on Wednesday for the first time in 97 years of history, the head of the Federal Reserve will give a press conference. Ben Bernanke is embarking on this perilous exercise to counter criticism from Congress that the central bank of the United States would be opaque and insular. He is counting on this occasion not only to clarify the policy of the Fed, powerful institution, unpopular and misunderstood by the general public but also to influence the markets in recent weeks note of discord between members of the Monetary Committee.

And Thomas Hoenig (Kansas City Fed), Charles Plosser (Philadelphia) and James Bullard (St. Louis) recently voted to phase out highly accommodative policy practiced by the U.S. central bank since December 2008.Bernanke, along with Janet Yellen, the number two of the Governing Council, and William Dudley, the New York Fed, have instead argued for staying the course.

Dollar's sharp fall

Until today, the Fed chief communicated in four different ways. The first is to present its analysis of the economic situation at congressional hearings during which he must answer questions from elected officials. The second operates through the speeches to professionals may be allowed to ask some questions.

Ben Bernanke added a third method: interviews given to a television channel, recorded in advance. This enabled him, in times of crisis, to explain the unprecedented interventions by the Fed.Finally like other governors, the head of the central bank meeting 'in off journalists, he sometimes gratifies confidences to transmit sensitive messages.

The press conference is now established at the end of two days of meetings will complete the range. Four times a year, Bernanke will face direct questions journalists sharp. In Europe, the bosses of the ECB and the Bank of England are already tested in this exercise. Like their counterparts in Canada and Japan.The Fed, however, anxious to preserve its independence and a degree of ambiguity about his intentions, had never dared go that far.

For his baptism of fire, Ben Bernanke should be questioned mainly on the risk of inflation and the dollar's sharp fall.

The drop likely in June redemptions of bonds by the Fed's long-term Treasury should also be addressed. The controversial program was launched in November 2010 and covers $ 600 billion of Treasury securities. It was necessary to maintain lower long term rates and support a fragile economy. Many saw a particularly dangerous experiment monetization of public debt which diluted the value of the dollar, inflation awakened and encouraged capital flows to emerging countries.

The New York Stock Exchange ended higher Tuesday, thanks to good business results, and reached its highest since June 2008, as we begin a policy meeting of the Federal Reserve.

Ala closing, the Dow Jones closed up 0.93% or 115.49 points to 12,595.37, while the S & P 500 finished with a gain of 0.9% or 11.99 points , to 1347.24. Both indices hit their highest Tuesday of the year, erasing losses from the month of February. The Nasdaq has meanwhile gained 0.77% or 21.66 points to 2847.54.

The strong quarterly announced Tuesday by Ford, 3M and UPS brought the session. Since the beginning of earnings season, about three-quarters of companies have published have exceeded market expectations.

On Monday, the NYSE has done in a piecemeal, beginning with one week ahead caution particularly busy, with many corporate earnings and a crucial meeting of the American central bank (Fed).

Investors should still be cautious on Tuesday. The week promises to be loaded into effect as macroeconomic and microeconomic levels. United States, some 180 companies in the Standard & Poor's 500 and eight of the Dow Jones must publish their first quarter results, including those from Amazon today, Coca-Cola and Office Depot.

Beginning of the Fed meeting tonight

The U.S. central bank meets from this afternoon and on this occasion could provide guidance on its strategy for ending the crisis so that its measures to support the economy come to an end late June.The U.S. central bank should maintain its interest rates between 0% and 0.25%, a threshold at which they have been held since December 2008 to reinvigorate the economy. On the other hand, the buyback program to $ 600 billion of debt the Treasury launched in November would go to its closure in June, in accordance with the wishes of the majority within the Fed. Markets also expect to see for the first time in the history of this institution almost centenary, the Fed chairman to answer questions from reporters after a meeting of the Monetary Policy Committee.

Prices logementsaux United States continued to decline for the eighth consecutive month in February, 0.2% from January, according to the monthly Standard and Poor's / Case-Shiller index released Tuesday. Conversely, the consumer sentiment left in April after a March in sharp decline.

On the foreign exchange market, the euro rose slightly from 0.21% to 1.4610 dollar.

Oil prices were little higher on Tuesday at the market opening in New York, a barrel of benchmark winning 7 cents to 112 no fax payday loan.35 dollars, still supported by a weak dollar and tensions in the Middle East and North Africa .

Boeing: 0.87% to 75.55 dollars

The side of values, the investigators of the National Transportation Safety Board (NTSB) said in a statement it had found cracks in the fuselage of the Boeing 737-300 Southwest Airlines involved in an incident in early April, and problems on the rivets .

Oracle: +0.40% to 34.97 dollars

The IT group and Oracle software has announced the departure of its CFO Jeff Epstein, whose duties will be assumed by its co-president Safra Catz, who was both his direct supervisor and his predecessor.

Yahoo!: 0.99% to 17.28 dollars

Yahoo! announced Monday the acquisition of very young IntoNow company, which launched on January 31 an application for iPhone to connect to family television programs we are watching. Financial terms of the transaction were not disclosed, but the news website TechCrunch specialized evaluation between 20 and 30 million dollars.

General Electric: 1.10% to 20.10 dollars

The U.S. Department of Defense has terminated a contract from General Electric and Rolls-Royce for a replacement engine for fighter jets F-35.

Also note, the White House lashed out Monday night that U.S. oil companies will announce this week their profits when gasoline at the pump is at its highest in three years.Exxon Mobil advance of 1.39% to 86.42 dollars, Chevron gained 1.24% to 108.75 dollars and ConocoPhillips takes 0.91% to 81.21 dollars.

Goldman Sachs 0.71% to 153.27 dollars, Morgan Stanley: 0.27% to 25.85 dollars

A group of creditors of Lehman Brothers Holdings, led by Goldman Sachs and Morgan Stanley, introduced in turn before the bankruptcy court in Manhattan plan to restructure the bank, the third since the collapse of the facility in September 2008. It provides a recovery rate of over 40% for the creditors of the derivatives business at Lehman, which include the designers of this new plan, and a rate of only 16% for bondholders. The plan is very different from that filed in December by a group of bondholders, led by Paulson & Co. under which creditors would recover only derivatives that 25.7% and 24.5% of bondholders.Lehman has also filed its own restructuring plan, presented as a compromise. It provides a recovery rate of 34% for the creditors of derivatives and 21.4% for bondholders.

Nicolas Hulot, who had to declare candidacy for president on Wednesday morning that the economy is disconnected from reality. "I try to ask again and again the question of an economic model compatible with the physical reality of the world," he declared last December. The standard is not abundance but scarcity ", contrary to prevailing economic theories.

Created 20 years ago, Hulot Foundation for Nature and Man published in recent years of economic policy recommendations. The rhetoric to concrete action, these works are now a genuine box idea for an environmentalist candidate.

The instigators. Nicolas Hulot likes to say he knows nothing about economics. This is less true.He has surrounded himself in recent years of senior economists, like Patrick Criqui, an expert in the fight against climate change, or the founders of the consulting firm Carbone 4, Jean-Marc Jancovici and Alain Grandjean, advocates of "development sustainable. " Last December, he sent to Paris for a conference Tim Jackson, a British economist reference advocating a reduction in consumption.

"Desecrate GDP". "An infinite growth in a finite world is hopeless: there must be a fool or an economist to believe it," said Nicolas Hulot last December at a conference, paraphrasing the economist Kenneth Boulding. We must therefore evaluate the progress that otherwise simply by gross domestic product (GDP), which measures the creation of wealth by a country. Hulot Foundation for enthusiastic and alternative economic indicators, such as carbon footprint, or welfare no fax pay day loan.And welcomes the passage Stiglitz report commissioned by Nicolas Sarkozy on the measurement of social progress.

A large loan to finance "green economy". Education, training and research, "clean technology" energy saving … Hulot Foundation has calculated that France needs to invest 600 billion euros by 2020 in sustainable development. To avoid digging all the public debt, the state must borrow from the European Central Bank "to zero or very low." Economists of the NGO out the measurement in a technical appendix of 20 pages. Nearly 100 billion euros should be invested for example in the construction of 500,000 new homes, advocates the foundation.

Radical reform of taxation. Staunch defender of the carbon tax, Nicolas Hulot has apparently failed to disarm it.Its foundation therefore recommends to "pay more in energy consumption and reduce taxes on labor." Through the establishment of a climate energy "tax on energy consumption enterprises, governments and households," says the foundation in a document dated June 2009. This tax would be offset by a universal allowance climate for smaller households and less polluting.

Clamp finance. Hulot Foundation believes that "limiting the ability of banks to finance operations without social interest" in limiting the borrowing capacity of investors who speculate. It proposes to limit operations to leverage and lead the hunt for tax havens.

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After Ireland and Portugal, Iceland could be the third country to experience a major diplomatic or political crisis, directly resulting from the economic and financial crisis of 2007 and 2008. On Saturday, some 230,000 Icelanders go to the polls have indeed voted in a referendum against the agreement Icesave, the name of the online banking subsidiary of Landsbanski, the second Icelandic bank nationalized in 2008 after going bankrupt.

Since March 6, 2010, the date of an initial consultation, the question arose on the repayment to Great Britain and the Netherlands of compensation paid at the time of their nationals Icesave victims (about 340,000 savers). Totaling over $ 3.9 billion. A financial burden that Icelanders have refused to take in view of the first results of the referendum held Saturday, April 9.

"No problem to solve our debts"

According to figures virtually definitive, non prevail widely, with 59.1% of the vote, against 40.9% of voters in favor of yes. Certainly, the rejection is much less massive than a year ago, Icelanders have been 92% to vote against the assumption by the State for damages caused by international private banks. However, the consequences seem equally or even more complicated for the government in place since 2008. Iceland had indeed engaged in December last year to repay the Netherlands and Great Britain, all amounts advanced to their injured citizens.To plan would run from 2016 to 2046.

Already, even before the final election results, the Dutch Minister of Finance Kees Jan De Jager said he was "very disappointed" by the decision of the Icelandic people do not accept the agreement between the three countries to try to resolve a situation that has become almost inextricable. For British and Dutch side, no question that the matter ends there, whereas the two countries now that the litigation must be brought to justice.

In London and The Hague, the respective Ministers of Finance are studying the possibility of litigation to settle the case before the EFTA (European Free Trade Association). A first procedure had already been initiated by the Netherlands to that authority, then stopped to allow the three countries to negotiate the terms directly agreed.With the refusal of the Icelandic people Saturday "the negotiation stage is over" said Niels Redeker, spokesman for the Dutch Ministry of Finance. He thus echoes the English Treasury number two, Danny Alexander, who considers "disappointing" that the negotiated settlement with Iceland is either resulted in a release.

"No problem to solve our debts"

Therefore, the EFTA will resume in the coming weeks the record in hand. And Iceland may be worried because the authority was already acknowledged in 2010 that the amounts claimed by the Netherlands to Iceland and they were well due. The arrival of the United Kingdom in the proceedings, which examined the possibilities Sunday "to join it" could further complicate the task of the Icelandic government.Because if it believes it has "no problem to pay its debts" in the words of Steingrimur Sigfusson, his Finance Minister, is it always that the Icelanders are still refusing to pay the slate of private banks. More for foreign citizens. Therefore politically difficult to Reykjavik to meet its promises after two resounding rejection of his countrymen.

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